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This map tells us whether a country’s constitution includes provisions to protect citizens against discrimination in education based on their gender.
More information:
- Prohibition of discrimination in education refers to a protection against discrimination in education (e.g. “No one may be discriminated against in education on the basis of gender”).
- No means that the constitution does not explicitly mention protection against discrimination in education based on gender. This does not mean that the constitution denies this right, but that it does not explicitly include it.
- General protection means that a country’s constitution protects citizens against discrimination in education, but not specifically on the basis of gender.
- Aspirational means that the constitution protects against discrimination in education based on gender but does not use language strong enough to be considered a guarantee. For example, constitutions in this category might state that the country aims to protect against discrimination in education based on gender.
- Guaranteed with exceptions includes cases where the constitution protects the general right, but allows this protection to be curtailed in certain circumstances. This category does not apply to this map as there are no countries that have exceptions to protection against discrimination in education based on gender.
- Guaranteed means that the constitution protects against discrimination in education based on gender in authoritative language. For example, constitutions in this category might guarantee protection against discrimination in education based on gender or make it the State’s responsibility to ensure this right.
- On mouseover on the map, a note may appear for some countries which indicates “potential positive action”. This is a measure or measures that may be taken to compensate for past discrimination or current inequalities on the basis of gender. Positive action can be framed in guaranteed terms (e.g., “the State shall adopt measures of affirmative action in education for women”) or in terms that leave open the possibility for positive action (e.g., “Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from taking measures to promote women’s education, in order to address past discrimination against them”).